The Manhattan Project Essay Example For Students

The Manhattan Project Essay On the morning of August 6, 1945, a B-29 plane named EnolaGay flew over the mechanical city of Hiroshima, Japan and dropped thefirst nuclear bomb ever. The city went up on fire brought about by theimmense power equivalent to around 20,000 tons of TNT. The undertaking was asuccess. They were an extraordinary array of non military personnel, andmilitary logical cerebrum powerbrilliant, serious, and youthful, thepeople that built up the bomb. Accidentally they came to anisolated mountain setting, known as Los Alamos, New Mexico, to designand fabricate the bomb that would end World War 2, yet start seriouscontroversies concerning its sheer force and pulverization. I becameinterested in this theme in view of my enthusiasm for science andhistory. It appeared to be a proper theme since I am presentlystudying World War 2 in my Social Studies Class. The Hiroshima andNagasaki bombings were constantly instructed to me with some supposition, and Ialways needed to know the bomb itself and the fai r-minded impacts that ithad. This I-scan was an extraordinary open door for me to really fulfillmy intrigue. We will compose a custom exposition on The Manhattan Project explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now The Manhattan Project was the code name for the US effortduring World War II to deliver the nuclear bomb. It was appropriatelynamed for the Manhattan Engineer District of the US Army Corps ofEngineers, since a great part of the early examination was done in New YorkCity (Badash 238). Started by outcast physicists in the UnitedStates, the program was gradually sorted out after atomic splitting wasdiscovered by German researchers in 1938, and numerous US scientistsexpressed the dread that Hitler would endeavor to construct a parting bomb. Disappointed with the possibility that Germany may deliver a nuclear bombfirst, Leo Szilard and different researchers asked Albert Einstein, afamous researcher during that time, to utilize his impact and compose aletter to president FDR, arguing for help to additionally explore thepower of atomic parting (Badash 237). His letters were a success,and President Roosevelt set up the Manhattan Project. Physicists from 1939 ahead led a lot of exploration to findanswers to such inquiries as what number of neutrons were radiated in eachfission, which components would not catch the neutrons however wouldmoderate or diminish their speed , and whether just the lighter andscarcer isotope of uranium (U-235) fissioned or the basic isotope(U-238) could be utilized. They discovered that every parting discharges a fewneutrons. A chain response, in this way, was hypothetically conceivable, ifnot an excessive number of neutrons got away from the mass or were caught byimpurities. To make this chain response and transform it into a usableweapon was a definitive objective of the Manhattan Project. In 1942 General Leslie Groves was picked to lead the project,and he promptly bought a site at Oak Ridge, Tenn., forfacilities to isolate the vital uranium-235 from the much morecommon uranium-238. Uranium 235 was an ideal decision for the bombbecause of its bizarrely insecure piece. Along these lines, the race toseparate the two started. During that time, the work to consummate thefiring system and structure of the bomb was likewise quickly in progress. General Groves beginning undertaking had been to choose a scientificdirector for the bomb venture. His initial two decisions, Ernest O. Lawrence, executive of the electromagnetic detachment venture, andArthur H. Compton, chief of Chicago Metallurgical Laboratory, werenot accessible. Forests had a few questions with respect to the following bestcandidate, J. Robert Oppenheimer (Wood 2). At long last, Groves gambledon Oppenheimer, a hypothetical mathematician, as executive of theweapons lab, based on a disengaged plateau (level land zone) at LosAlamos, New Mexico. After much trouble, a spongy obstruction appropriate forseparating isotopes of uranium was created and introduced in the OakRidge vaporous dissemination plant. At long last, in 1945, uranium-235 of bombpurity was transported to Los Alamos, where it was formed into agun-type weapon. In a barrel, one bit of uranium was terminated atanother, together framing a supercritical, dangerous mass. To achievechain-response splitting, a specific measure of fissile material, calledcritical mass, is fundamental. The fissile material utilized in theHiroshima model was uranium 235. In the bomb, the uranium was dividedinto two sections, the two of which were underneath minimum amount. The bomb wasdesigned so one section would be hammered into the other by anexplosive gadget to accomplish minimum amount promptly (Badash238). At the point when minimum amount is accomplished, persistent splitting (a chainreaction) happens in a very brief timeframe, and farmore vitality is discharged than on account of a black powder explosion(Badash 238). On December 2, 1942, the primary self-continuing chainreaction with cadmium occurred, regulated by Enrico Fermi, in theUniversity of Chicago squash fields (Asimov 783). .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e , .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e .postImageUrl , .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e , .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e:hover , .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e:visited , .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e:active { border:0!important; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e:active , .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e:hover { obscurity: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } . u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-enrichment: underline; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-beautification: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b 1e .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Cutting Fine Arts in Schools EssayAnother kind of nuclear bomb was additionally developed utilizing thesynthetic component plutonium. Fermi fabricated a reactor at Chicago in late1942, the model of five creation reactors raised at Hanford,Wash. These reactors fabricated plutonium by assaulting uranium-238with neutrons. At Los Alamos the plutonium was encircled with highexplosives to pack it into a too thick, excessively minimum amount farfaster than should be possible in a weapon barrel. The outcome was tried atAlamogordo, New Mexico, on July 16, 1945, and was the first explosionof a nuclear bomb code-named Trinity (Beyer 55). In any case, everything was not that simple coming up to this milestonepoint. Security limitations bound the two laborers and townspeople. Everyone had a similar location where all mail was edited (Wood 4). Everyone was confined to a 200 mile span, and inhabitants of LosAlamos were denied from telling companions and family members where theylived (Wood 4). There were not kidding issues of security of documents,due to inability to bolt up (Wood 4). The one genuine episode was the recruiting of Klaus Fuchs. Hewas later found, and indicted for getting mystery reports andsending them to the Soviet Union. A skilled and hardworkingscientist himself, Fuchs empowered the Soviet Union to make their ownatomic bomb (Beyer 45). Names were not permitted to be mentionedoutside of the research center. Everyone was a â€Å"sir† or â€Å"mister† insteadof their own name (Wood 4). Except if they worked at the lab themselves,wives remained unaware of their spouses research (Wood 4). Choices to drop the nuclear bomb experienced severalpersonalities, yet at last settled upon president Truman. The manwhose choices made the Manhattan Project, never lived to see theresults of his work. FDR kicked the bucket on April 12, a quarter of a year prior thefirst fruitful Trinity test (Beyer 56). The duties weresoon set upon Truman, the following president. Truman knew nothingabout the bomb and its belongings yet hurriedly concluded that the bomb beused on Japan, considering Germany was not, at this point an objective with the warin Europe over. Started by Szilard, an appeal was made to offerthe sentiment that the bomb ought to be utilized just if Japan denied tosurrender, much in the wake of being educated regarding the bombs destructivecapabilities (Beyer 65). By the by, the choice was made that thebombs would be utilized until Japan gave up. The Hiroshima model is known as a firearm barrel-type nuclear bomb. Because of its long and limited shape, the Hiroshima model was called â€Å"ThinMan† from the start, yet during the assembling procedure the first planswere adjusted, shortening the length and offering ascend to the nameâ€Å"Little Boy.† (Beyer 48).The vitality discharged from the Hiros

The War Of The Worlds Monologue Essay Example For Students

The War Of The Worlds Monolog Essay A monolog from the novel by H. G. Wells NOTE: This monolog is republished from The War of the Worlds. H.G. Wells. London: Heinemann, 1898. ARTILLERYMAN: This isn a war. It never was a war, any more than theres war among man and ants. Theres the ants manufactures their urban communities, live their lives, have wars, transformations, until the men need them off the beaten path, and afterward they make a special effort. Thats what we are nowjust ants. After Weybridge I went souththinking. I saw what was up. Heres astute things, and it appears they need us for food. Initially, theyll crush us upships, machines, weapons, urban areas, all the request and association. All that will go. At present we e got as we e needed. A Martian has just to go a couple of miles to get a group on the run. Furthermore, I saw one, at some point, out by Wandsworth, picking houses to pieces and steering among the destruction. However, they won continue doing that. So soon as theyve settled every one of our firearms and dispatches, and crushed our railroads, and done all the things they are doing over yonder, they will start getting us deliberat e, picking the best and putting away us in enclosures and things. Thats what they will begin doing in a piece. Master! They haven started on us yet. Don you see that? Urban areas, countries, civilisation, progressits everywhere. That games up. We e beat. There won be any increasingly honored shows for a million years or somewhere in the vicinity; there won be any Royal Academy of Arts, and no decent feeds at cafés. They ain no further use. The individuals who intend to get away from their getting must prepare. Im preparing. Im going on, under their feet. Ive been pondering the channels. Obviously the individuals who don know channels think frightful things; yet under this London are miles and mileshundreds of milesand a couple of days downpour and London void will leave them sweet and clean. The primary channels are sufficiently large and vaporous enough for anybody. At that point theres basements, vaults, stores, from which shooting sections might be made to the channels. Fu rthermore, the railroad passages and trams. Eh? You start to see? Furthermore, we structure a bandable-bodied, clean-disapproved of men. We e not going to get any junk that floats in. All thesethe kind of individuals that lived in these houses, and each one of those damn little assistants that used to live down that waytheyd be nothing but bad. They haven any soul in them. Ive seen them skedaddle off to workhundreds of em, bit of breakfast close by, going out of control and trying to please their little season-ticket train, for dread theyd get excused in the event that they didn ; skedaddling back for dread they wouldn be in time for supper. Lives safeguarded and a piece contributed because of a paranoid fear of mishaps. Also, on Sundaysfear of the great beyond. As though hellfire was worked for bunnies! Indeed, the Martians will simply be a gift from heaven to these. Decent open confines, stuffing food, cautious rearing, no concern. Following a week or so pursuing about the field s and grounds on void stomachs, theyll come and be gotten merry. Theyll be very happy after a piece. Theyll wonder what individuals did before there were Martians to deal with them. What's more, the bar loafers, and mashers, and singersI can envision them. Likely these Martians will make pets of some of them; train them to do trickswho knows?get wistful over the pet kid who grew up and must be murdered. What's more, a few, possibly, they will prepare to chase us. No, we need to imagine a kind of life where men can live and raise, and be adequately secure to bring the youngsters up. We don know enough. Weve got the opportunity to learn before weve got an opportunity. What's more, weve got the opportunity to live and keep free while we learn. See! Thats what must be finished. Furthermore, when we do learnJust envision this: four or five of their battling machines out of nowhere beginning offHeat-Rays both ways, and not a Martian in em. Not a Martian in em, yet menmen who have taken i n the way how. It might be in my time, eventhose men. Extravagant having one of them flawless things, with its Heat-Ray wide and free! Extravagant having it in charge! What might it matter on the off chance that you crushed to bits toward the finish of the run, after a bust that way? I figure the Martiansll open their excellent eyes! Can you see them, man? Can you see them rushing, hurryingpuffing and blowing and hooting to their other mechanical undertakings? Something out of apparatus for each situation. What's more, wash, blast, clatter, wash! Similarly as they are bungling over it, SWISH comes the Heat-Ray, and, observe! man has returned to his own. .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c , .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c .postImageUrl , .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c , .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c:hover , .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c:visited , .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c:active { border:0!important; } .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c:active , .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c:hover { mistiness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relat ive; } .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content design: underline; } .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content improvement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f3 3759a2c1d2512c .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ubdef28e397e7e9a7f33759a2c1d2512c:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: The Revolutionary War was a gigantic piece of Amer Essay

Flywheel Review 2020 Why The Huge Star Rating

Flywheel Review 2020 Why The Huge Star Rating Last Updated on February 11, 2020To make your site or blog stand out from competitors, you will need a powerful ally in your cornerâ€"an efficient and reliable hosting platform. However, getting such a hosting platform in a market full of brands claiming to be the best is not an easy task. One hosting provider that has stood out and won high ratings from across the globe is Flywheel.Flywheel is one of the leading managed WordPress hosting providers on the market today. It has an impressive array of features that makes it a reliable option for you, whether you only have a single WordPress site or run a website development agency. Disclosure As an independent review site, we get compensated if you purchase through the referral links or coupon codes on this page â€" at no additional cost to you. 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What Three Things Would You Have to Have When You Are in Desert - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 329 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/09/15 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Nowadays, people are well equipped with many technology gadgets and items, so do I. If I was stranded on a deserted island, there would be unlimited things I would like to bring with me. However, since I can only bring three things, I would carry a knife, box of matches and a big jar. I believe those three things would help me surviving in such difficult living condition. First, a knife could be utilized in many ways. On such island, there could exist lots of wild and dangerous animals or species, from which the knife could protect me. Besides the tent, I could make hunting tools, such as: javelin, arrows and bow or set traps to hunt for food. Moreover, a knife can be used for cutting fruits from trees, and skinning the hunted animals. Not only I have food, but I also have variety of choices. Animals can be hunted and killed, but that does not mean they are ready for eating. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "What Three Things Would You Have to Have When You Are in Desert?" essay for you Create order That explains the reason I brought box of matches, to make fire. Actually, the main purpose of the fire is to keep me warm at night on this deserted island. However, it can be used for many others reasons. Cooking the food, boiling water, chasing away the dangerous animals, creating smoke to attract other human, if any, are only a few examples of utilizing the fire. Wasnt the fire one of the greatest discovery of human and also the key of developing society? That is why I brought a box of matches. Human can survive without food for a long time, but only three days without water would kill a person. Therefore, my big jar will be used for catching rain, which would be boiled and used for water. As mentioned earlier, in ordet to live through this terrible condition, I need water. In conclusion, those three things might seems simple and boring, but they are necessary for the survival of myself on a deserted island.

Compare Contrast Fiction Essay - 794 Words

Compare Contrast: The Rocking-Horse Winner/The Lottery ENGL 102_B40: Literature and Composition Spring 2011 Michaela Gates L23562144 APA Gambling, whether for life or money, is risky and success is not guaranteed, even if you ‘win’. Two different tales both involving risk. 1. Gambling for something valuable - One for life and the other for money 2. Characters’ Personalities - Paul was hopeful and cared deeply for his family - Tessie while also hopeful cared more about herself 3. Imagery - Paul: fortunate and hopeful - Tessie: unfortunate and unpleasant 4. Summary: Paul is more successful Compare Contrast Essay: The†¦show more content†¦Tessie’s personality is somewhat similar to Paul’s but they also have their differences. Paul is very hopeful about winning the money his family needs, he has an incredible love for his mother. He is also very passionate about horse-races. He has a real gift for picking a winner and it’s this attitude that leads him to make money for his mother and save their house from haunting them. Tessie is also hopeful, hopeful that she will not ‘win’ the lottery. Of course, we find as we read that this doesn’t happen. Tessie does ‘win’ the lottery and she seems to be the only one that is saddened by this fact. Little Paul is a very hopeful, fortunate boy. He so vividly pictures the horse races to come while riding his rocking-horse, it’s as if he’s in the race himself and the rocking-horse is the winning horse. In â€Å"The Rocking-Horse Winner†, Lawrence really paints a imaginative pict ure with descriptions such as with Paul’s big blue eyes that had an uncanny cold fire in them†, and in â€Å"The Lottery† Jackson paints a picture with words such as The towns children are collecting rocks like young children regularly do. The men are speaking of rain, planting, tractors and taxes. The women are making small talk with one another. It seems like a regular day in a regular town.† So, in both stories the setting is different and the people are different but they have a similarity in the fact that they are all gambling for something, whether good or bad. In reading theseShow MoreRelatedENG 102 fiction essay instruction768 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Fiction Essay Instructions In Module/Week 3, you will write a 750-word (about 3–4-pages) essay that compares and contrasts 2 stories from the Fiction Unit. Before you begin writing the essay, carefully read the guidelines for developing your paper topic that are given below. Review the Fiction Essay Grading Rubric to see how your submission will be graded. 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The Picture Of Dorian Gray And The Great Gatsby Analysis

How should individuals satisfy their ambitions? In The Great Gatsby, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, and The Picture of Dorian Gray, written by Oscar Wilde, the theme of desires is addressed. The Great Gatsby is a novel about Jay Gatsby, a man who wants to reunion with his past lover, Daisy. The novel is narrated by Nick Carraway, Gatsby’s neighbour and friend who witnesses Gatsby’s romantic desires. Similarly, The Picture of Dorian Gray is a novel about the development of Dorian, from initial innocence to ultimate brutality, after he acquires the ability to stay eternally young while letting his portrait suffer the consequences of his sins. Overall, the two books are similar in nature in terms of the themes presented. Initially, the two†¦show more content†¦When Nick is describing Gatsby’s elaborate parties, he says, â€Å"People were not invited – they went there†¦ Once there they were introduced by somebody who knew Gatsby† (Fitzger ald 41). Gatsby does not care who attends his parties, rather his sole purpose is to attract people and to make himself known in the community. In contrast, when Dorian hosts dinners, he carefully selects people to attend and handpicks the decorations. Through attending, people feel that Dorian has â€Å"all the grace and distinction and perfect manner of a citizen of the world† (Wilde 130). Dorian’s hosts dinners not to gain popularity, but to strengthen the admiration that people have for him. In general, Gatsby and Dorian differ in their aspirations for personal motives and images in society. However, despite the differences in ambition, both characters act sinfully. To begin with, both characters act heartlessly. After Daisy hits Myrtle Wilson when driving Gatsby home, she escapes from the scene. Later, when Gatsby hears about Myrtle’s tragic death, he says, â€Å"I thought so; I told Daisy I thought so. It’s better that the shock should all come at once. She stood it pretty well† (Fitzgerald 143). Gatsby is completely unconcerned about the tragedy that has occurred to Myrtle, all he cares about is Daisy’s wellbeing. Also, after Dorian shows Basil the portrait that reflects all his sins, he â€Å"rushed at [Basil], and dug the knife into the great vein that is behind the ear,

Marketing Evaluation free essay sample

Your task is to describe and evaluate the marketing plan of an automobile brand and model of your choice. For the marketing aspect of your evaluation focus on a particular model not the whole company: for example consider the Chevrolet Camaro, not GM as a whole. For the situation analysis you will need to consider more than just specific model, i. e. what is the situation of GM as a whole and how is this impacting the marketing of your particular model. You focus should be primarily Canada while recognizing that for the situation analysis especially, there may be issues globally (e. . world economy) that will be relevant. These worksheets are designed to assist you in your project. Worksheets are a useful tool because they help to ensure that important information is not omitted from your evaluation. Answering the questions on these worksheets will enable you to: 1. Organize and structure the data and information you collect during the situation analysis. 2. Use this information to better understand your firms strengths and weaknesses and to recognize the opportunities and threats that exist in the marketing environment. 3. Identify if goals and objectives that capitalize on strengths. . Identify if a marketing strategy that creates competitive advantages. 5. Identify and critique a plan for implementing the marketing strategy. By downloading these worksheets in an electronic format, you will be able to change the outline or add additional information that is relevant to your situation. Remember that there is no one best way to organize an evaluation of a marketing plan. The outline was designed to provide an analytical framework and to be flexible enough to accommodate the unique characteristics of the company you are reviewing. It is possible that not everything in the worksheets will apply equally to your company. You could start by reviewing Figure 2. 6, the overview of the marketing planning process found on page 62 of the text. You should also review Table 2. 2 and appendix 2 of your text. As you complete the worksheets, you should refer back to the text of the chapters as suggested throughout. In completing the situation analysis section, be sure to be as comprehensive as possible. The viability of your analysis depends on how well you have identified all of the relevant environmental issues. Likewise, as you complete the analysis, you should be accurate and realistic about the firms characteristics. Do not attribute strengths to the firm that it does really does not possess. Being accurate also goes for your listing of weaknesses. I. Executive Summary The executive summary is a synopsis of the overall evaluation. The executive summary is easier to write if you do it last, after you have written the entire evaluation . Include a description of the product, the target market, and the need for it in the market. You should give an overview of the main points of your evaluation. Most importantly, keep in mind that this is your opportunity to sell your marketing plan and entice your audience to read the details of the report. Company Description and Input from Corporate Strategies (pp. 45 54) Include a description of the company’s recent history and successes and touch briefly upon the strategy for the organization as a whole. This may include elements such as: Mission Corporate objectives Strategic Business Unit (SBU) objectives (Figure 2. 1 on page 46 illustrates the stages in formulating a strategy for the company as a whole. ) III. Situation Analysis A situation analysis considers the internal circumstances of the organization or product, the external environment, competitive activity, and characteristics of the customer that may be relevant to the marketing plan. A situation analysis includes: †¢ Internal analysis †¢ Environmental analysis †¢ Customer analysis †¢ Competitive analysis A. Internal Analysis Review of marketing goals and objectives Identify the firms current marketing goals and objectives. State whether these goals and objectives are: Consistent with the firms mission Consistent with recent changes in the marketing or customer environments Leading to expected performance outcomes (sales volume, market share, profitability, awareness, brand preference) Review of current marketing performance Describe the firms current performance compared to other firms in the industry. Is the performance of the industry as a whole improving or declining? Why? If the firms performance is declining, what is the most likely cause (e. g. , environmental changes, flawed strategy, poor implementation)? Review of current and anticipated organizational resources Describe the current state of the firms organizational resources (e. g. , financial, capital, human, experience, relationships with key suppliers or customers). How are the levels of these resources likely to change in the future? If resource levels are expected to change: How can the firm leverage additional resources to meet customer needs better than competitors? How can the firm compensate for future constraints on its resources? Review of current and anticipated cultural and structural issues In terms of marketing strategy development and implementation, describe the positive and negative aspects of the current and anticipated culture of the firm. Examples could include: The firms overall customer orientation (or lack thereof) The firms emphasis on short-term vs. long-term planning Willingness of the culture to embrace change Internal politics and power struggles The overall position and importance of the marketing function Changes in key executive positions General employee satisfaction and morale B. Environmental Analysis Review Chapter 4 Economic Growth and Stability Identify the general economic conditions of the country, region, province, and local area in which the firm operates: Political, Legal, and Regulatory Issues Identify any political activities that affect the firm or the industry: Changes in elected officials (domestic or foreign) Industry (lobbying) groups Consumer groups Changes in Technology Identify ways that changing technology has affected the firms customers: Identify ways that changing technology has affected the way the firm or the industry operates Identify current technologies that the firm is not using to the fullest potential: Identify future technologies that may increase the risk of product obsolescence: Sociocultural Trends Identify changes in societys demographics and values that will affect the firm or the industry (if this becomes too broad, focus on the firms target customers): Explain the changes that shifting demographics and values will have on the firms: Identify any problems or opportunities that may be created by changes in the cultural diversity of the firms customers and employees: Identify any ecological issues (pollution, recycling, energy conservation) that the firm or industry is facing: Identify the ethical and social responsibility issues that the firm or industry is facing: C. Customer Analysis Review Chapters 6 7 There are seven general questions that marketers should ask about their customers: 1. Who are our actual and potential customers? 2. Why do they buy our product? 3. Why do others not buy our product? 4. Where do our customers buy our product? 5. How do they buy it? 6. When do they buy it? 7. What do they do with our product? Who are the firms current and potential customers? Describe the important identifying characteristics of the firms current and potential customers: Demographic Geographic Psychographic Product usage Identify the important players in the purchase process for the firms products: Purchasers (actual act of purchase) Users (actual product user) Influencers (influence the decision, make recommendations) Financial responsibility (who pays the bill? ) What do customers do with the firms products? Where do customers purchase the firms products? Identify any trends in purchase patterns across these outlets (e. g. , how e-commerce has, or could, change the way the firms products are purchased). When do customers purchase the firms products? Factors under the firms control Factors not under the firms control Why (and how) do customers select the firms products? Describe the basic benefits provided by the firms products relative to competing products: Describe the degree to which customers needs are being fulfilled by the firms products relative to competing products: Describe how customers needs are expected to change in the future. Describe the relative importance of transactional (short, one-time) vs. relational (long-term, ongoing) exchange processes when customers make a purchase: Why do potential customers not purchase the firms products? After answering these seven questions, then you can look at segmentation and positioning analysis (see p. 267 for positioning analysis and positioning maps). D. Competitive Analysis (pp. 121-12,; 295, 387) Identify the firms major competitors (brand, product, generic) Identify the characteristics of the firms major competitors: List any potential (future) competitors not identified in the preceding.